Research On Cotton Fiber Quality in China Has Made Important Progress
Dec 13, 2023
Research on cotton fiber quality in my country has made important progress
The Ministry of Science and Technology's "973" "Functional Genomics Research and Molecular Improvement of Cotton Fiber Quality" research, hosted by the Cotton Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, has recently made several important research progresses. In terms of the creation of cotton fiber genetic resources and research on the genetic basis of quality traits, researchers have cultivated and discovered 179 specific fiber resources, including 121 materials related to fiber quality, 25 materials related to fiber development, and 13 materials related to fiber color. More than 200 mutant materials were initially created, including 118 transgenic and DNA materials, including 79 fiber mutant materials, including sterile, dwarf, colored cotton, polyresistant, and other mutants.
In terms of transcriptomics and library construction, 29,992 cotton ESTs were obtained. Sequence analysis showed that 12,233 of them were independent ESTs. Using cDNA chip or RT-PCR technology, it was proved that there are a large number of fiber-specific expression or highly expressed genes in the fiber development stage. The analysis found that among the 169 metabolic pathways, there are probably 12 that showed significant high expression characteristics in the fiber elongation phase at the 0.05 level, and the role of the key metabolic pathways in promoting fiber elongation was verified using in vitro ovule culture methods.
In terms of genetic research, 12,000 highly expressed cDNA libraries have been constructed during the fiber development period, and 100 genes related to fiber development have been obtained. At the same time, more than 20 transcription factors and purposes related to cell wall and cytoskeleton synthesis have been screened out. Gene. In terms of constructing protein profiles of cotton fiber cells, protein profiles at 5, 10, 15, and 20 days after flowering have been obtained, with 1346, 1316, 1297, and 1321 protein spots respectively.
In terms of functional verification of key genes for cotton fiber quality traits, we have mastered three highly efficient transgenic technology methods: Agrobacterium-mediated, pollen tube channel, and gene gun bombardment, and established a large-scale transgenic technology system for cotton. Various transgenic technologies are effective Assembling and realizing assembly line operation, an efficient and factory-based cotton transgenic technology system has been established, with an annual output of more than 6,000 transgenic cotton plants. A rapid gene function verification system has been established, and more than 20 target genes can be functionally verified every year. In terms of molecular improvement, 1,200 markers have been analyzed for segregating populations, and genetic maps of more than 1,000 markers will be obtained within one month.
